M'mwezi wa Ogasiti, akatswiri a zamankhwala adalengeza kuti atha kuchita zomwe zakhala zikuwoneka ngati zosatheka: kuphwanya zina mwazinthu zokhalitsa zoipitsa zachilengedwe zomwe zimakhazikika m'malo ochepa.Zinthu za Per- ndi polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS), zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa kuti mankhwala osatha, zimawunjikana m'chilengedwe komanso matupi athu pamlingo wowopsa.Kukhazikika kwawo, komwe kumakhazikika mu chomangira cholimba cha carbon-fluorine, kumapangitsa PFAS kukhala yothandiza kwambiri ngati zokutira zopanda madzi komanso zopanda ndodo komanso zithovu zozimitsa moto, koma zikutanthauza kuti mankhwalawo amakhalabe kwazaka zambiri.Mamembala ena a gulu lalikululi la mankhwala amadziwika kuti ndi oopsa.
Gululi, lotsogozedwa ndi katswiri wa zamankhwala ku yunivesite ya Northwestern University William Dichtel komanso wophunzira womaliza maphunziro a Brittany Trang, adapeza kufooka mu perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid ndi mankhwala GenX, omwe ndi gawo la gulu lina la PFAS.Kutenthetsa mankhwala mu zosungunulira zosungunulira kuchokera kumagulu a mankhwala a carboxylic acid;Kuwonjezera kwa sodium hydroxide kumagwira ntchito yonseyo, kusiya ma ion fluoride ndi mamolekyu abwino kwambiri.Kuthyolako kwa chomangira champhamvu kwambiri cha C-F kumatha kukwaniritsidwa pa 120 °C chabe (Sayansi 2022, DOI: 10.1126/science.abm8868).Asayansi akuyembekeza kuyesa njirayo motsutsana ndi mitundu ina ya PFAS.
Ntchitoyi isanachitike, njira zabwino zothanirana ndi PFAS zinali kuphatikizira mankhwalawo kapena kuwagwetsa kutentha kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri - zomwe mwina sizingakhale zothandiza kwenikweni, akutero Jennifer Faust, katswiri wamankhwala ku College of Wooster.“Ndicho chifukwa chake njira yochepetsera kutentha imeneyi ilidi yabwino,” iye akutero.
Njira yatsopanoyi idalandiridwa makamaka pazotsatira zina za 2022 za PFAS.Mu Ogasiti, ofufuza a University of Stockholm motsogozedwa ndi Ian Cousins adanenanso kuti madzi amvula padziko lonse lapansi ali ndi milingo ya perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) yomwe imaposa upangiri wa US Environmental Protection Agency pamankhwala amadzi akumwa (Environ. Sci. Technol. 2022, DOI: 10.1021) /acs.est.2c02765).Kafukufukuyu adapezanso ma PFAS ena ambiri m'madzi amvula.
"PFOA ndi PFOS [perfluorooctanesulfonic acid] zakhala zisanapangidwe kwazaka zambiri, kotero zikuwonetsa kulimbikira kwawo," akutero Faust."Sindinkaganiza kuti pangakhale chonchi."Ananenanso kuti ntchito ya msuweni, “ndiye nsonga ya zinthu zofunika kwambiri.”Faust wapeza mitundu yatsopano ya PFAS-yomwe siimayang'aniridwa nthawi zonse ndi EPA-ku US madzi amvula pamtunda wapamwamba kusiyana ndi mankhwala olowa (Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts 2022, DOI: 10.1039 / d2em00349j).
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-19-2022