Zomwe zapezedwa izi zidakopa chidwi cha okonza C&EN chaka chino
ndi Kristal Vasquez
CHINSINSI CHA PEPTO-BISMOL
Ngongole: Nat.Commun.
Kapangidwe ka Bismuth subsalicylate (Bi = pinki; O = wofiira; C = imvi)
Chaka chino, gulu la ofufuza ochokera ku yunivesite ya Stockholm linasokoneza chinsinsi cha zaka zana limodzi: kapangidwe ka bismuth subsalicylate, chogwiritsidwa ntchito mu Pepto-Bismol (Nat. Commun. 2022, DOI: 10.1038 / s41467-022-29566-0).Pogwiritsa ntchito ma electron diffraction, ofufuzawo anapeza kuti chigawochi chili ndi zigawo zonga ndodo.Pakatikati pa ndodo iliyonse, ma anion okosijeni amasinthana pakati pa milomo itatu kapena inayi ya bismuth.Ma anions salicylate, panthawiyi, amalumikizana ndi bismuth kudzera m'magulu awo a carboxylic kapena phenolic.Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zama electron microscopy, ofufuzawo adapezanso kusiyanasiyana kwakusanjikizako.Amakhulupirira kuti dongosolo losokonezeka ili litha kufotokoza chifukwa chake bismuth subsalicylate yatha kuthawa asayansi kwa nthawi yayitali.
Ngongole: Mwachilolezo cha Roozbeh Jafari
Masensa a graphene omwe amatsatiridwa pamkono amatha kupereka miyeso yamagazi mosalekeza.
ZITHUNZI ZOTSATIRA ZA MAGAZI
Kwa zaka zoposa 100, kuyang'anitsitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi anu kwatanthauza kuti mukupanikize mkono wanu ndi cuff yopuma.Choyipa china cha njirayi, komabe, ndikuti muyeso uliwonse umangoyimira chithunzi chaching'ono cha thanzi la mtima wamunthu.Koma mu 2022, asayansi adapanga graphene "tattoo" yosakhalitsa yomwe imatha kuyang'anitsitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa maola angapo panthawi (Nat. Nanotechnol. 2022, DOI: 10.1038 / s41565-022-01145-w).Gulu la masensa a carbon-based sensor array limagwira ntchito potumiza mafunde amagetsi ang'onoang'ono pamkono wa mwiniwake ndikuyang'anira momwe magetsi amasinthira pamene magetsi akuyenda kudutsa m'thupi.Mtengowu umagwirizana ndi kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa magazi, komwe ma aligorivimu apakompyuta amatha kuwamasulira kukhala systolic ndi diastolic blood pressure.Malinga ndi m'modzi mwa omwe adalemba kafukufukuyu, Roozbeh Jafari waku Texas A&M University, chipangizochi chikapatsa madokotala njira yowoneka bwino yowunika thanzi la mtima wa wodwala kwa nthawi yayitali.Zingathandizenso akatswiri azachipatala kuchotsa zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudza kuthamanga kwa magazi, monga kupita kwa dokotala.
ZOMWE ZOBADWA NDI ANTHU
Ngongole: Mikal Schlosser/TU Denmark
Anthu anayi odzipereka adakhala m'chipinda cholamulidwa ndi nyengo kuti ochita kafukufuku athe kuphunzira momwe anthu amakhudzira mpweya wamkati wamkati.
Asayansi akudziwa kuti zinthu zoyeretsera, utoto, ndi zotsitsimutsa mpweya zonse zimakhudza mpweya wa m’nyumba.Ofufuza anapeza chaka chino kuti anthu angathe, nawonso.Poyika anthu odzipereka anayi mkati mwa chipinda cholamulidwa ndi nyengo, gulu linapeza kuti mafuta achilengedwe pakhungu la anthu amatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi ozone mumlengalenga kuti apange ma radicals a hydroxyl (OH) (Science 2022, DOI: 10.1126 / science.abn0340).Akapangidwa, ma radicals othamanga kwambiri amatha kuthira ma oxidize opangidwa ndi mpweya ndikupanga mamolekyu omwe angakhale owopsa.Mafuta a khungu omwe amatenga nawo mbali pazochitazi ndi squalene, omwe amachitira ndi ozone kupanga 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (6-MHO).Ozone kenako imakhudzidwa ndi 6-MHO kupanga OH.Ofufuzawo akukonzekera kupititsa patsogolo ntchitoyi pofufuza momwe milingo ya ma hydroxyl opangidwa ndi anthu imasiyanirana mosiyanasiyana malinga ndi chilengedwe.Pakadali pano, akuyembekeza kuti zomwe apezazi zipangitsa asayansi kuganiziranso momwe amawunikira chemistry yamkati, popeza nthawi zambiri anthu samawoneka ngati magwero a mpweya.
SAYANSI YOTETEZEKA KWA CHELE
Kuti afufuze mankhwala amene achule amatulutsa podziteteza, ofufuza afunika kutenga zitsanzo za khungu la nyamazo.Koma njira zotsatsira zomwe zilipo nthawi zambiri zimawononga amphibians osakhwimawa kapena amafuna euthanasia.Mu 2022, asayansi adapanga njira yaumunthu yoyesera achule pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chotchedwa MasSpec Pen, chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito cholembera ngati cholembera kuti chitenge ma alkaloid omwe amapezeka kumbuyo kwa nyama (ACS Meas. Sci. Au 2022, DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.2c00035).Chipangizocho chinapangidwa ndi Livia Eberlin, katswiri wofufuza zamankhwala ku yunivesite ya Texas ku Austin.Poyambirira idapangidwa kuti izithandiza madokotala ochita opaleshoni kusiyanitsa minofu yathanzi komanso ya khansa m'thupi la munthu, koma Eberlin adazindikira kuti chidacho chingagwiritsidwe ntchito pophunzira achule atakumana ndi Lauren O'Connell, katswiri wamaphunziro a zamoyo ku yunivesite ya Stanford yemwe amaphunzira momwe achule amagwirira ntchito komanso ma alkaloids. .
Ngongole: Livia Eberlin
Cholembera chachikulu cha spectrometry chimatha kuyesa khungu la achule akupha popanda kuvulaza nyama.
Ngongole: Science/Zhenan Bao
Elekitirodi yotambasuka imatha kuyeza mphamvu yamagetsi ya minofu ya octopus.
MA ELECTRODE AMAGWIRITSA NTCHITO OCTOPUS
Kupanga ma bioelectronics kungakhale phunziro pa kunyengerera.Ma polima osinthika nthawi zambiri amakhala olimba pomwe mphamvu zawo zamagetsi zikuyenda bwino.Koma gulu la ofufuza motsogozedwa ndi a Zhenan Bao waku Stanford University adabwera ndi electrode yomwe imakhala yotambasuka komanso yochititsa chidwi, kuphatikiza zabwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.Pièce de resistance ya electrode ndi zigawo zake zolumikizana-gawo lililonse limakonzedwa kuti likhale lochititsa chidwi kapena losasunthika kuti lisagwirizane ndi katundu wina.Kuti awonetse luso lake, Bao adagwiritsa ntchito electrode kulimbikitsa ma neuron mu tsinde laubongo la mbewa ndikuyesa mphamvu yamagetsi ya minofu ya octopus.Adawonetsa zotsatira za mayeso onse awiri pamsonkhano wa American Chemical Society's Fall 2022.
MTANDA WA BULLETPROOF
Ngongole: ACS Nano
Zida zamatabwazi zimatha kuthamangitsa zipolopolo zomwe siziwonongeka pang'ono.
Chaka chino, gulu la ofufuza lotsogozedwa ndi Huazhong University of Science and Technology's Huiqiao Li adapanga zida zamatabwa zolimba kuti zitha kupotoza chipolopolo cha 9 mm revolver (ACS Nano 2022, DOI: 10.1021 / acsnano.1c10725).Mphamvu za nkhuni zimachokera ku mapepala ake osinthika a lignocellulose ndi polima yolumikizana ndi siloxane.Lignocellulose imakana kusweka chifukwa cha zomangira zake zachiwiri za haidrojeni, zomwe zimatha kupanganso zikasweka.Pakadali pano, polima yosinthika imakhala yolimba ikagunda.Popanga zinthuzi, Li analimbikitsidwa ndi pirarucu, nsomba ya ku South America yokhala ndi khungu lolimba kuti zisapirire mano akuthwa a piranha.Chifukwa zida zamatabwa ndi zopepuka kuposa zida zina zosagwira ntchito, monga chitsulo, ofufuzawo amakhulupirira kuti nkhunizo zitha kukhala ndi zida zankhondo ndi ndege.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-19-2022